Rising Hepatitis in Pakistan
A "Silent Killer"
Hepatitis is on the rise in Pakistan. According to World Health Organization, almost 12 million people are suffering from hepatitis B or C. Each year brings about 150 000 new cases. It is also called a “silent killer” since numerous individuals go undetected and untreated for extended periods, only to later encounter complications and succumb to the disease.
Hepatitis is not just a health issue—it's a symptom of broader disparities that put many people at risk. While the word "disparities" might sound like a complex term, in simple terms, it means that not everyone has the same access to good health, awareness and that's affecting how we deal with hepatitis.
A big chance of getting hepatitis B and C comes from things like using the same needle for shots, reusing syringes, having surgery, not cleaning medical tools properly, getting blood transfusions, sharing razors, and using same needles for the piercing practices. Some groups, like people who use drugs by injecting and those with thalassemia, are more likely to get hepatitis B and C. For hepatitis C, many kids who got sick with acute hepatitis while in the hospital also have a high chance of getting infected. Meanwhile, for hepatitis E, most infections happen because of dirty water.
Behind these causes, one of the key factors providing conducive environment is the unequal distribution of resources. Picture this: some areas have top-notch healthcare facilities with the latest equipment, skilled professionals who follow proper procedures; while others struggle with basic medical infrastructure. Akbar Zaidi, a political economist calls is ‘urban difference’ as urban areas do have more (advanced) healthcare facilities. This stark contrast means that if you live in an area with limited access to healthcare, you're more likely to face challenges in getting diagnosed and treated for hepatitis.
Education also plays a crucial role. Not everyone is aware of how hepatitis spreads or the preventive measures they can take. In economically wealthier and more educated communities, people have better access to information about hygiene practices as compared to those who live in less privileged areas. Education again is related to economic disparities as there is a major difference between rural and urban areas in terms of availability of educational institutes and the quality of education.
Economic disparities further exacerbate the issue to seek health. Imagine trying to afford the cost of hepatitis treatment when you're struggling to make ends meet. For many, this becomes a choice between daily survival and seeking medical help. It's a heartbreaking reality that many people face, and it shouldn't be this way.
In some instances, cultural perceptions also play a role. Deep-rooted beliefs and practices can sometimes hinder people from seeking medical attention promptly. Stigmas surrounding certain health conditions, including hepatitis, may prevent individuals from discussing their symptoms openly or seeking timely help. But behind these perceptions, Kessing argued, there are economic determinants.
To combat the rising tide of hepatitis, it's crucial to address these disparities head-on. This means investing in healthcare infrastructure in underserved areas, making sure everyone has access to basic health education, and implementing policies that ensure financial constraints don't stand in the way of life-saving treatments.
It's not just a matter of health; it's about ensuring that every individual, regardless of where they live or their economic background, has the chance for a healthy life. By bridging these gaps, we can not only tackle the immediate crisis of rising hepatitis but also pave the way for a more equitable and healthier future for all Pakistanis. It's time to come together as a society and prioritize the well-being of every citizen.